实验一 安装OpenShift
1.1 前置准备
[student@workstation ~]$ lab review-install setup
1.2 配置规划
OpenShift集群有三个节点:
- master.lab.example.com：OpenShift master节点，是一个不可调度pod的节点。
- node1.lab.example.com：一个OpenShift节点，它可以同时运行应用程序和基础设施pod。
- node2.lab.example.com：另一个OpenShift节点，它可以同时运行应用程序和基础设施pod。
所有节点都使用带有overlay2驱动程序的OverlayFS来存储Docker，每个节点中的第二个磁盘(vdb)保留给Docker存储。
所有节点都将使用基于rpm的安装，使用release v3.9和OpenShift image tag version v3.9.14。
路由的默认域是apps.lab.example.com。Classroom DNS服务器已经配置为将此域中的所有主机名解析为node1.lab.example.com。
OpenShift集群使用的所有容器image都存储在registry.lab.example.com提供的私有仓库中。
使用两个基于HTPasswd身份验证的初始用户：developer和admin，起密码都是redhat，developer作为普通用户，admin作为集群管理员。
services.lab.example.com中的NFS卷作为OpenShift内部仓库的持久存储支持。
services.lab.example.com也为集群存储提供NFS服务。
etcd也部署在master节点上，同时存储使用services.lab.example.com主机提供的NFS共享存储。
集群必须与Internet断开连接，即使用离线包形式。
内部OpenShift仓库应该由NFS持久存储支持，存储位于services.lab.example.com。
master API和控制台将在端口443上运行。
安装OpenShift所需的RPM包由已经在所有主机上使用Yum配置文件定义完成。
/home/student/DO280/labs/review-install文件夹为OpenShift集群的安装提供了一个部分完成的Ansible目录文件。这个文件夹中包含了执行安装前和安装后步骤所需的Ansible playbook。
测试应用程序由Git服务 world"应用程序。可以使用Source-to-Image来部署这个应用程序，以验证OpenShift集群是否已部署成功。
1.3 确认Ansible
1 [student@workstation ~]$ cd /home/student/DO280/labs/review-install/ 2 [student@workstation review-install]$ sudo yum -y install ansible 3 [student@workstation review-install]$ ansible --version 4 [student@workstation review-install]$ cat ansible.cfg 5 [defaults] 6 remote_user = student 7 inventory = ./inventory 8 log_path = ./ansible.log 9 10 [privilege_escalation] 11 become = yes 12 become_user = root 13 become_method = sudo
1.4 检查Inventory
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ cp inventory.preinstall inventory #此为准备工作的Inventory 2 [student@workstation review-install]$ cat inventory 3 [workstations] 4 workstation.lab.example.com 5 6 [nfs] 7 services.lab.example.com 8 9 [masters] 10 master.lab.example.com 11 12 [etcd] 13 master.lab.example.com 14 15 [nodes] 16 master.lab.example.com 17 node1.lab.example.com 18 node2.lab.example.com 19 20 [OSEv3:children] 21 masters 22 etcd 23 nodes 24 nfs 25 26 #Variables needed by the prepare_install.yml playbook. 27 [nodes:vars] 28 registry_local=registry.lab.example.com 29 use_overlay2_driver=true 30 insecure_registry=false 31 run_docker_offline=true 32 docker_storage_device=/dev/vdb
提示：
Inventory定义了六个主机组:
- nfs：为集群存储提供nfs服务的环境中的vm；
- masters：OpenShift集群中用作master角色的节点；
- etcd：用于OpenShift集群的etcd服务的节点，本环境中使用master节点；
- node：OpenShift集群中的node节点；
- OSEv3：组成OpenShift集群的所有接待，包括master、etcd、node或nfs组中的节点。
注意：默认情况下，docker使用在线仓库下载容器映像。本环境内部无网络，因此将docker仓库配置为内部私有仓库。在yml中使用变量引入仓库配置。
此外，安装会在每个主机上配置docker守护进程，以使用overlay2 image驱动程序存储容器映像。Docker支持许多不同的image驱动。如AUFS、Btrfs、Device mapper、OverlayFS。
1.5 确认节点
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ cat ping.yml 2 --- 3 - name: Verify Connectivity 4 hosts: all 5 gather_facts: no 6 tasks: 7 - name: "Test connectivity to machines." 8 shell: "whoami" 9 changed_when: false 10 [student@workstation review-install]$ ansible-playbook -v ping.yml
1.6 准备工作
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ cat prepare_install.yml 2 --- 3 - name: "Host Preparation: Docker tasks" 4 hosts: nodes 5 roles: 6 - docker-storage 7 - docker-registry-cert 8 - openshift-node 9 10 #Tasks below were not handled by the roles above. 11 tasks: 12 - name: Student Account - Docker Access 13 user: 14 name: student 15 groups: docker 16 append: yes 17 18 ... 19 [student@workstation review-install]$ ansible-playbook prepare_install.yml
提示：如上yml引入了三个role，具体role内容参考《002.OpenShift安装与部署》2.5步骤。
1.7 确认验证
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ ssh node1 'docker pull rhel7:latest' #验证是否可以正常pull image
1.8 检查Inventory
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ cp inventory.partial inventory #此为正常安装的完整Inventory 2 [student@workstation review-install]$ cat inventory 3 [workstations] 4 workstation.lab.example.com 5 6 [nfs] 7 services.lab.example.com 8 9 [masters] 10 master.lab.example.com 11 12 [etcd] 13 master.lab.example.com 14 15 [nodes] 16 master.lab.example.com 17 node1.lab.example.com openshift_node_labels="{'region':'infra', 'node-role.kubernetes.io/compute':'true'}" 18 node2.lab.example.com openshift_node_labels="{'region':'infra', 'node-role.kubernetes.io/compute':'true'}" 19 20 [OSEv3:children] 21 masters 22 etcd 23 nodes 24 nfs 25 26 #Variables needed by the prepare_install.yml playbook. 27 [nodes:vars] 28 registry_local=registry.lab.example.com 29 use_overlay2_driver=true 30 insecure_registry=false 31 run_docker_offline=true 32 docker_storage_device=/dev/vdb 33 34 35 [OSEv3:vars] 36 #General Variables 37 openshift_disable_check=disk_availability,docker_storage,memory_availability 38 openshift_deployment_type=openshift-enterprise 39 openshift_release=v3.9 40 openshift_image_tag=v3.9.14 41 42 #OpenShift Networking Variables 43 os_firewall_use_firewalld=true 44 openshift_master_api_port=443 45 openshift_master_console_port=443 46 #default subdomain 47 openshift_master_default_subdomain=apps.lab.example.com 48 49 #Cluster Authentication Variables 50 openshift_master_identity_providers=[{'name': 'htpasswd_auth', 'login': 'true', 'challenge': 'true', 'kind': 'HTPasswdPasswordIdentityProvider', 'filename': '/etc/origin/master/htpasswd'}] 51 openshift_master_htpasswd_users={'admin': '$apr1$4ZbKL26l$3eKL/6AQM8O94lRwTAu611', 'developer': '$apr1$4ZbKL26l$3eKL/6AQM8O94lRwTAu611'} 52 53 #Need to enable NFS 54 openshift_enable_unsupported_configurations=true 55 #Registry Configuration Variables 56 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_kind=nfs 57 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_access_modes=['ReadWriteMany'] 58 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_nfs_directory=/exports 59 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_nfs_options='*(rw,root_squash)' 60 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_volume_name=registry 61 openshift_hosted_registry_storage_volume_size=40Gi 62 63 #etcd Configuration Variables 64 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_kind=nfs 65 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_nfs_options="*(rw,root_squash,sync,no_wdelay)" 66 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_nfs_directory=/exports 67 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_volume_name=etcd-vol2 68 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_access_modes=["ReadWriteOnce"] 69 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_volume_size=1G 70 openshift_hosted_etcd_storage_labels={'storage': 'etcd'} 71 72 #Modifications Needed for a Disconnected Install 73 oreg_url=registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/ose-${component}:${version} 74 openshift_examples_modify_imagestreams=true 75 openshift_docker_additional_registries=registry.lab.example.com 76 openshift_docker_blocked_registries=registry.access.redhat.com,docker.io 77 openshift_web_console_prefix=registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/ose- 78 openshift_cockpit_deployer_prefix='registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/' 79 openshift_service_catalog_image_prefix=registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/ose- 80 template_service_broker_prefix=registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/ose- 81 ansible_service_broker_image_prefix=registry.lab.example.com/openshift3/ose- 82 ansible_service_broker_etcd_image_prefix=registry.lab.example.com/rhel7/ 83 [student@workstation review-install]$ lab review-install verify #本环境使用脚本验证1.9 安装OpenShift Ansible playbook
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ rpm -qa | grep atomic-openshift-utils 2 [student@workstation review-install]$ sudo yum -y install atomic-openshift-utils
1.10 Ansible安装OpenShift
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ ansible-playbook \ 2 /usr/share/ansible/openshift-ansible/playbooks/prerequisites.yml
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ ansible-playbook \ 2 /usr/share/ansible/openshift-ansible/playbooks/deploy_cluster.yml
1.11 确认验证
通过web控制台使用developer用户访问https://master.lab.example.com，验证集群已成功配置。
1.12 授权
1 [student@workstation review-install]$ ssh root@master 2 [root@master ~]# oc whoami 3 system:admin 4 [root@master ~]# oc adm policy add-cluster-role-to-user cluster-admin admin
提示：master节点的root用户，默认为集群管理员。
1.13 登录测试
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u admin -p redhat \ 2 https://master.lab.example.com 3 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get nodes #验证节点情况
1.14 验证pod
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods -n default #查看内部pod
1.15 测试S2I
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u developer -p redhat \ 2 https://master.lab.example.com 3 [student@workstation ~]$ oc new-project test-s2i #创建项目 4 [student@workstation ~]$ oc new-app --name=hello \ 5 php:5.6 测试服务1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods #查看部署情况 2 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 3 hello-1-build 1/1 Running 0 39s 4 [student@workstation ~]$ oc expose svc hello #暴露服务 5 [student@workstation ~]$ curl hello-test-s2i.apps.lab.example.com #测试访问 6 Hello, World! php version is 5.6.251.17 实验判断
1 [student@workstation ~]$ lab review-install grade #本环境使用脚本判断 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc delete project test-s2i #删除测试项目实验二 部署一个应用
2.1 前置准备
1 [student@workstation ~]$ lab review-deploy setup2.2 应用规划
部署一个TODO LIST应用，包含以下三个容器：
一个MySQL数据库容器，它在TODO列表中存储关于任务的数据。
一个Apache httpd web服务器前端容器(todoui)，它具有应用程序的静态HTML、CSS和Javascript。
基于Node.js的API后端容器(todoapi)，将RESTful接口公开给前端容器。todoapi容器连接到MySQL数据库容器来管理应用程序中的数据
2.3 设置策略
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u admin -p redhat https://master.lab.example.com 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc adm policy remove-cluster-role-from-group \ 3 self-provisioner system:authenticated system:authenticated:oauth 4 #将项目创建限制为仅集群管理员角色，普通用户不能创建新项目。2.4 创建项目
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc new-project todoapp 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc policy add-role-to-user edit developer #授予developer用户可访问权限的角色edit2.5 设置quota
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc project todoapp 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc create quota todoapp-quota --hard=pods=1 #设置pod的quota2.6 创建应用
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u developer -p redhat \ 2 https://master.lab.example.com #使用developer登录 3 [student@workstation ~]$ oc new-app --name=hello \ 4 php:5.6 #创建应用 5 [student@workstation ~]$ oc logs -f bc/hello #查看build log
2.7 查看部署
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods 2 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 3 hello-1-build 0/1 Completed 0 2m 4 hello-1-deploy 1/1 Running 0 1m 5 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get events 6 …… 7 2m 2m 7 hello.15b54ba822fc1029 DeploymentConfig 8 Warning FailedCreate deployer-controller Error creating deployer pod: pods "hello-1-deploy" is forbidden: exceeded quota: todoapp-quota, requested: pods=1, used: pods=1, limited: pods= 9 [student@workstation ~]$ oc describe quota 10 Name: todoapp-quota 11 Namespace: todoapp 12 Resource Used Hard 13 -------- ---- ---- 14 pods 1 1结论：由于pod的硬quota限制，导致部署失败。
2.8 扩展quota
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout cancel dc hello #修正quota前取消dc 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u admin -p redhat 3 [student@workstation ~]$ oc project todoapp 4 [student@workstation ~]$ oc patch resourcequota/todoapp-quota --patch '{"spec":{"hard":{"pods":"10"}}}'提示：也可以使用oc edit resourcequota todoapp-quota命令修改quota配置。
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u developer -p redhat 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc describe quota #确认quota 3 Name: todoapp-quota 4 Namespace: todoapp 5 Resource Used Hard 6 -------- ---- ---- 7 pods 0 102.9 重新部署
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc rollout latest dc/hello 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods #确认部署成功 3 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 4 hello-1-build 0/1 Completed 0 9m 5 hello-2-qklrr 1/1 Running 0 12s 6 [student@workstation ~]$ oc delete all -l app=hello #删除hello2.10 配置NFS
1 [kiosk@foundation0 ~]$ ssh root@services 2 [root@services ~]# mkdir -p /var/export/dbvol 3 [root@services ~]# chown nfsnobody:nfsnobody /var/export/dbvol 4 [root@services ~]# chmod 700 /var/export/dbvol 5 [root@services ~]# echo "/var/export/dbvol *(rw,async,all_squash)" > /etc/exports.d/dbvol.exports 6 [root@services ~]# exportfs -a 7 [root@services ~]# showmount -e
提示：本实验使用services上的NFS提供的共享存储为后续实验提供持久性存储。
2.11 测试NFS
1 [kiosk@foundation0 ~]$ ssh root@node1 2 [root@node1 ~]# mount -t nfs services.lab.example.com:/var/export/dbvol /mnt 3 [root@node1 ~]# ls -la /mnt ; mount | grep /mnt #测试是否能正常挂载提示：建议node2做同样测试，测试完毕需要卸载，后续使用持久卷会自动进行挂载。
2.12 创建PV
1 [student@workstation ~]$ vim /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoapi/openshift/mysql-pv.yaml 2 apiVersion: v1 3 kind: PersistentVolume 4 metadata: 5 name: mysql-pv 6 spec: 7 capacity: 8 storage: 2G 9 accessModes: 10 - ReadWriteMany 11 nfs: 12 path: /var/export/dbvol 13 server: services.lab.example.com 14 [student@workstation ~]$ oc login -u admin -p redhat 15 [student@workstation ~]$ oc create -f /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoapi/openshift/mysql-pv.yaml 16 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pv
2.13 导入模板
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc apply -n openshift -f /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoapi/openshift/nodejs-mysql-template.yaml提示：模板文件见附件。
2.14 使用dockerfile创建image
1 [student@workstation ~]$ vim /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoui/Dockerfile 2 FROM rhel7:7.5 3 4 MAINTAINER Red Hat Training <training@redhat.com> 5 6 # DocumentRoot for Apache 7 ENV HOME /var/www/html 8 9 # Need this for installing HTTPD from classroom yum repo 10 ADD training.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/training.repo 11 RUN yum downgrade -y krb5-libs libstdc++ libcom_err && \ 12 yum install -y --setopt=tsflags=nodocs \ 13 httpd \ 14 openssl-devel \ 15 procps-ng \ 16 which && \ 17 yum clean all -y && \ 18 rm -rf /var/cache/yum 19 20 # Custom HTTPD conf file to log to stdout as well as change port to 8080 21 COPY conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 22 23 # Copy front end static assets to HTTPD DocRoot 24 COPY src/ ${HOME}/ 25 26 # We run on port 8080 to avoid running container as root 27 EXPOSE 8080 28 29 # This stuff is needed to make HTTPD run on OpenShift and avoid 30 # permissions issues 31 RUN rm -rf /run/httpd && mkdir /run/httpd && chmod -R a+rwx /run/httpd 32 33 # Run as apache user and not root 34 USER 1001 35 36 # Launch apache daemon 37 CMD /usr/sbin/apachectl -DFOREGROUND 38 [student@workstation ~]$ cd /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoui/ 39 [student@workstation todoui]$ docker build -t todoapp/todoui . 40 [student@workstation todoui]$ docker images 41 REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 42 todoapp/todoui latest 0249e1c69e38 39 seconds ago 239 MB 43 registry.lab.example.com/rhel7 7.5 4bbd153adf84 12 months ago 201 MB2.15 推送仓库
1 [student@workstation todoui]$ docker tag todoapp/todoui:latest \ 2 registry.lab.example.com/todoapp/todoui:latest 3 [student@workstation todoui]$ docker push \ 4 registry.lab.example.com/todoapp/todoui:latest提示：将从dockerfile创建的image打标，然后push至内部仓库。
2.16 导入IS
1 [student@workstation todoui]$ oc whoami -c 2 todoapp/master-lab-example-com:443/admin 3 [student@workstation todoui]$ oc import-image todoui \ 4 --from=registry.lab.example.com/todoapp/todoui \ 5 --confirm -n todoapp #将docker image导入OpenShift的Image Streams 6 [student@workstation todoui]$ oc get is -n todoapp 7 NAME DOCKER REPO TAGS UPDATED 8 todoui docker-registry.default.svc:5000/todoapp/todoui latest 13 seconds ago 9 [student@workstation todoui]$ oc describe is todoui -n todoapp #查看is
2.17 创建应用
浏览器登录https://master.lab.example.com，选择todoapp的项目。
查看目录。
语言——>JavaScript——Node.js + MySQL (Persistent)。
参考下表建立应用：
| 名称 | 值 | ||
| Git Repository URL | Application Hostname | todoapi.apps.lab.example.com | |
| MySQL Username | todoapp | ||
| MySQL Password | todoapp | ||
| Database name | todoappdb | ||
| Database Administrator Password | redhat |
create进行创建。
Overview进行查看。
2.18 测试数据库
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc port-forward mysql-1-6hq4d 3306:3306 #保持端口转发 2 [student@workstation ~]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u todoapp -ptodoapp todoappdb < /home/student/DO280/labs/review-deploy/todoapi/sql/db.sql 3 #导入测试数据至数据库 4 [student@workstation ~]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -u todoapp -ptodoapp todoappdb -e "select id, description, case when done = 1 then 'TRUE' else 'FALSE' END as done from Item;" 5 #查看是否导入成功
2.19 访问测试
1 [student@workstation ~]$ curl -s | python -m json.tool #curl访问 2 { 3 "hostname": "todoapi-1-kxlnx", 4 "ip": "10.128.0.12" 5 } 6 [student@workstation ~]$ curl -s | python -m json.tool #curl访问
2.20 创建应用
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc new-app --name=todoui -i todoui #使用todoui is创建应用 2 [student@workstation ~]$ oc get pods 3 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE 4 mysql-1-6hq4d 1/1 Running 0 9m 5 todoapi-1-build 0/1 Completed 0 9m 6 todoapi-1-kxlnx 1/1 Running 0 8m 7 todoui-1-wwg28 1/1 Running 0 32s
2.21 暴露服务
1 [student@workstation ~]$ oc expose svc todoui --hostname=todo.apps.lab.example.com
浏览器访问 width="1058" height="619" title="clipboard" alt="clipboard" src="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/680719/202006/680719-20200623110450425-214299107.png" border="0">
2.22 实验判断
1 [student@workstation ~]$ lab review-deploy grade #本环境使用脚本判断010.OpenShift综合实验及应用
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